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The Ford Motor Company is a US automaker founded by Henry Ford in Dearborn (Michigan) in 1903.
It is known for having used the assembly line and the conveyor belt for the first time, later adopted by numerous other companies and still used in modern industries. This phenomenon was referred to as Fordism.
Cars are the main product of the group. In more than a century of activity, approximately 170 models have been produced and some of them have been produced in multiple generations, as in the case of the Ford Fiesta.
During the twentieth century, the blue oval house expanded all over the world, opening branches in the United Kingdom, Germany, Asia, South America and Africa.
In 1929, following the acquisition of 80% of the German Opel by competitor General Motors, Ford decided to open a plant in Cologne, where the model T was produced. It also purchased other car brands such as Land Rover, Jaguar, Aston Martin, Volvo and about 33% of Mazda's shares. In the 1960s the two European subsidiaries joined forces to form Ford Europe based in Germany.
Following the international economic crises of the new millennium, Ford recorded serious losses, so much so that it was forced to sell all the car manufacturers previously purchased and to cut numerous jobs, as imposed by the business plan The Way Forward. The group is so composed solely of the Ford and Lincoln brands. However, during the financial crisis that started in 2008, it was also the only US auto industry not to borrow from the US government. Starting in 2009, the company returned to surplus with a net profit of 2.7 billion dollars, which became 7.149 billion the following year.
