On April 4, 1904, the Piccolo Credito Toscano cooperative company was formed, which, about 16 years later, changed into the anonymous company Credito Toscano. In the same period he bought the historic building Portinari Salviati, where he still has his registered office.

Following the merger with the Bank of Florence, Banca Toscana S.p.A. was officially listed on the Italian Stock Exchange since May 1986 on 4 June 1930.

In 1977 Banca Toscana was the nineteenth Italian bank for collection.

In 1990 it acquired a majority stake in Banco di Perugia, which was followed, in 1991, by the merger by incorporation. On 20 November 2000 the Banca Popolare della Marsica was also incorporated.

In 2002 it was acquired by Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena, but retained its identity. As of November 30, 2005, Banca Toscana has 428 branches, mainly in the central-southern peninsula (it is also present in Liguria and Lombardy).

From March 30, 2009 it loses the trademark and any residual autonomy, flowing completely into the Monte dei Paschi di Siena bank.